Indian Navy warship collides with Pakistani vessel in North Arabian Sea

A collision between naval vessels of India and Pakistan in international waters triggers formal diplomatic protest and invokes a 1991 bilateral military agreement. The incident affects military-to-military communication protocols, confidence-building measures between the two nuclear-armed neighbors, and rules governing maritime operations in shared sea zones. Both countries have now lodged reciprocal protests through their respective diplomatic missions, marking direct contact between their naval assets as a rare escalation in the Arabian Sea.